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2024
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Switching power supply
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Switching power supplies are different from linear power supplies. Switching power supplies primarily utilize switching transistors that toggle between fully on (saturation region) and fully off (cut-off region). Both of these modes have low dissipation characteristics. The transition between these two states does incur some dissipation, but the duration is very short, making it relatively energy-efficient and generating less waste heat. Ideally, a switching power supply does not consume electrical energy itself. Voltage regulation is achieved by adjusting the on and off times of the transistors. In contrast, linear power supplies operate in the amplification region during the output voltage generation process, which inherently consumes electrical energy. The high conversion efficiency of switching power supplies is a significant advantage, and because they operate at high frequencies, they can use smaller and lighter transformers, making switching power supplies smaller and lighter than linear power supplies.
Switching power supplies differ from linear power supplies in that the switching transistors used in switching power supplies mostly switch between fully on (saturation region) and fully off (cut-off region). Both of these modes have low dissipation characteristics, and the transition between switching incurs higher dissipation, but the duration is very short, thus saving energy and generating less waste heat. Ideally, switching power supplies themselves do not consume electrical energy. Voltage regulation is achieved by adjusting the on and off times of the transistors. In contrast, linear power supplies operate in the amplification region during the process of generating output voltage, which also consumes electrical energy. The high conversion efficiency of switching power supplies is a significant advantage, and because switching power supplies operate at high frequencies, they can use smaller, lighter transformers, making them smaller and lighter than linear power supplies.
If high efficiency, size, and weight of the power supply are key considerations, switching power supplies are better than linear power supplies. However, switching power supplies are more complex, and the internal transistors switch frequently. If the switching current is not properly managed, it may produce noise and electromagnetic interference that can affect other devices. Additionally, if a switching power supply is not specially designed, its power factor may not be high.
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Main types of switch power supplies
2024-11-29
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